Paper Passive Voice

Passive Voice Material

Definion of Passive Voice :

The passive voice is used to show interest in the person or object that experiences an action rather than the person or object that performs the action. In other words, the most important thing or person becomes the subject of the sentence 

Characteristics of Passive Voice:

When we change the sentence from active to passive voice, the object becomes the subject. We can use sentences with only transitive verbs in passive voice that is we can change the sentences having objects into this voice. 

Passive voice with Infinitives

The infinitive passive voice is used after modal verbs and other most verbs normally followed by an infinitive.

Examples :                

• You have to be tested on your English grammar.

• John might be promoted next year.

• She wants to be invited to the party.

• I expect to be surprised on my birthday.

• You may be disappointed.

Passive voice with Gerunds

Gerunds are used after prepositions and verbs normally followed by a gerund.

Examples :

• I remember being taught to drive.

• The children are excited about being taken to the zoo.

• The children are excited to be taken to the zoo.

• Most film stars hate being interviewed.

• Most film stars hate to be interviewed.

• Poodles like to be pampered.

• Poodles like being pampered.

Use of Passive

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action. Normally, the performer of the action, or the agent, comes first and is made the subject of the verb and then we use the active form of the verb. The other person or thing is made the object of the verb.

Example : My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.

Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:

Example : A mistake was made.

1. Simple Present

Subject + is/am/are + past participle / V3 

Example :

(+) Positive Sentence 

• Active : He make the jacket

Passive : The jacket is made by him.

• Active : Within 10 minutes all items are sell items

Passive : All items are sold within 10 minutes.

• Active : You freeze the horror movie

         Passive : The horror movie is frozen by you

• Active : I type my biology experiment report on Ms. Word

Passive : My biology experiment report is typed on Ms. Word by me

(-) Negative Sentence

• Active : The pirates does not hide the treasure in the land

Passive : The treasure is not hidden in the land by  the pirates

• Active : Clara doesn’t publish a novel once a month

Passive : A novel is not published by Clara once a month

• Active : He can’t catch the ball

Passive : The ball can’t be caught by him

• Active: The vending machine doesn’t sells alcohol drinks

Passive: Alcohol drinks aren’t sold by the vending machine

(?) Introgative Sentence

• Active : Does Jane write a permission letter to the office?

Passive : Is a permission letter is written by Jane to the office? 

• Active : Do the student wear the uniform at their first day of school?

            Passive : Is the uniform worn by the student t their first day of school?

• Active : Do they treat the extinct animals well?

            Passive : Are the extinct animals treated well by them?

• Active : Do you buy the crackers?

            Passive : Are the crackers bought by you?

2. Present Continuous

Subject + is/am/are + being + past participle / V3 

Example :

(+) Positive Sentence 

• Active : That hotel are being renovated all the rooms at the moment.

            Passive : All the rooms in that hotel are being renovated at the moment.

• Active :  Please wait. The letter is writting. 

Passive : Please wait. The letter is being written.

• Active : Mira is inviting me

Passive : I am being invited by Mira tonight.

• Active : Right now, I am cutting the papers.

Passive : Right now, the papers are being cut by me.

(-) Negative Sentence

• Active :  They are not making plans for the exhibition art

Passive : The exhibition art is not being made by them

• Active :  I am not buying stationeries

Passive : The stationeries are not being bought by me

• Active : Poor people are not attending this prestigious party

Passive : Prestigious party are not being attended by poor people 

• Active : Vera is not washing the dishes.

Passive : The dishes are not being washed by Vera.

(?) Introgative Sentence

• Active : Is Dedi parking the car here?

Passive : Is the car being parked by Dedi here?

• Active : Are the students wearing shoes

Passive : Are the shoes being wore by students?

• Active : Is Ika calling me?

Passive : Am I being called by Ika?

• Active : Am I calling Robert now?

Passive : Is Robert being called by me?

3. Present Perfect

Subject + has/have + been + past participle / V3 

Example :

(+) Positive Sentence 

• Active : Jimmy has made some kites since this morning

Passive : Some kites have been made by Jimmy since this morning

• Active : Where have they done the job?

Passive : Where has the job been done?

(-) Negative Sentence

• Active : Someone has not stolen my shoes

Passive : My shoes have  not been stolen by someone

• Active : I have not written a letter.

Passive: A letter has not been written by me

• Active: He has not entered in a restaurant

Passive:  The restaurant has been entered by him 

(?) Introgative Sentence

• Active : Have we watched the movie about half an hour?

Passive : Have the movie has been watched by them about half an hour?

• Active : Have they noticed us?

Passive : Have we been noticed by them?

• Active : Has he heard the news about her father’s dead?

Passive : Has the news about her father’s dead has been heard by him?

4. Simple Past

Subject + was/were + past participle / V3 

Example :

(+) Positive Sentence 

• Active : My mother made the cookies.

Passive : The cookies were made by my mother.

• Active : Karin wrote a story.
  Passive : A story was written by Karin.

(-) Negative Sentence

• Active: You did not pay the tax last year

Passive: The tax wasn’t paid by you last year 

• Active: They didn’t study Math last night

Passive: Math wasn’t studied by them last night

• Active: We didn’t accuse you of stealing money 

Passive: You weren't accused of stealing money

(?) Introgative Sentence

• Active: Did she solve Physic problems very quickly?

Passive: Were Physic problems solved very quickly by her?

• Active: When did my father paint my room?

Passive: When was my room painted by my father?

• Active: Where did she buy her luxurious bag?

Passive: Where was luxurious bag bought by her?

5. Past Continuous

Subject + was/were being + past participle / V3 

Example :

(+) Positive Sentence 

• Active : They were repairing the bicycles

Passive : Their bicycles were being repaired.

• Active : She was preparing the meal by the time she arrived.

       Passive : The meal was being prepared by the time she arrived.

(-) Negative Sentence

• Active : Chaca was not cooking some food when her sister came 

Passive : Some food weren’t being cooked by Chaca when her sister came

• Active : My dad wasn’t writing his report at this time yesterday

Passive : His report wasn’t being written by him yesterday

• Active: Nobody wasn’t watching TV

Passive: The TV wasn’t being watched by anybody

(?) Introgative Sentence

• Active : Was she ironing the clothes at 5.30 p.m. last Sunday?

Passive : Was the clothes being ironed by her at 5.30 p.m last Sunday?

• Active : Was Harry listening to music when you arrived? 

Passive : Was the music being listened by Harry when you arrived?

• Active: Was she using computer at 5 o’clock yesterday?

Passive:  Was computer being used by her at 5 o’clock yesterday?

6. Past Perfect

Subject + had been + past participle / V3

Example :

(+) Positive Sentence

• Active : The President had made an important announcement.

Passive : An important announcement had been made by the president.

• Active : That motorcycle had not used much. 

Passive :This motorcycle hadn’t been used much.

(-) Negative Sentence

• Active : Maggy hadn’t talked the meeting with Juna

Passive : The meeting hadn’t been talked by Maggy with Juna

• Active : By the time I came, they hadn’t served me food

Passive : By the time I came, the food hadn’t been served by them

• Active: I had not read the letter before she called me

Passive: Before she called me, the letter hadn’t been read by me

(?) Introgative Sentence

• Active : Had Wahyu fallen in love on her so fast?

Passive : Had she been fallen in love by Wahyu so fast?

• Active : Had her boyfriend promised many things?

Passive : Had many things been promised by her boyfie?

• Active: Had they cleaned this room last night?

Passive: Had this room been cleaned by them last night?

7. Simple Future

Subject + will be + past participle / V3

Example :

(+) Positive Sentence

• Active : My brother will buy some apples.

Passive : Some apples will be bought by him. 

• Active : I will give you a writing assignment in Japanese tomorrow.

Passive : You will be given a writing assignment in Japanese tomorrow.

• Active : Security officer will ask to show our identification. 

Passive : We will be asked to show our identification by security officer.

• Active : They are going to invest a small amount of their money in the stock market.

Passive : A small amount of their money is going to be invested in the stock market.

(-) Negative Sentence

• Active : He will meet them next Sunday at Tebet.

Passive : They will not be met by him next Sunday at Tebet. 

• Active : The farmers will harvest the crops next month.

Passive : The crops shall not be harvested by the farmers next month.

• Active : She will not buy a new laptop. 

Passive : A new laptop will not be bought by her.

• Active : I will not phone him

Passive : He will not be phoned.

(?) Introgative Sentence

• Active : Will you close the window? 

Passive : Will the window be closed?

• Active :  Will the dog bite me? 

Passive : Will I be bitten by the dog?

• Active : Are we going to visit Grandma next month?

Passive : Is Grandma going to be visited next month? 

• Active :  Is she going to write some novels this year?

Passive : Are some novels going to be written by her this year? 

8. Future Perfect

Subject + will have been + past participle / V3

Example :

(+) Positive Sentence

• Active : I will have finished my study at the end of this year.

Passive : My study will have been finished by me at the end of this years. 

• Active : We will have finished the job by Saturday.

Passive : The job will have been finished by Saturday.

• Active : By next month, the selection panel will have reviewed your application.

Passive : By next week, your application will have been reviewed.

• Active : The students will have completed the exam before closing time.

Passive : The exam will have been completed before closing time.

(-) Negative Sentence

• Active : She will not have forgiven me.

Passive : I shall not have been forgiven by her.

• Active : I shall not have held him by the ear.

Passive : He will not have been held by me by the ear.

• Active : They will not have buried the dead body

Passive : The dead body will not have been buried by them.

• Active : You will not have cut that cake.

Passive : That cake will not have been cut by you

(?) Introgative Sentence

• Active : Will you have cheated us?

Passive : Shall we have been cheated by you?

• Active : Will their brother not have turned out them?

Passive : Will they not have been turned out by their brother?

• Active : Will their brother not have turned out them?

Passive : Will they not have been turned out by their brother?

• Active : Will they have paid him the price in my presence?

Passive : Will the price have been paid him by them in my presence?

References :

English First. “Passive Voice”. (https://www.ef.com/wwen/english-resources/english-grammar/passive-voice)

Kherde, Madhuri. 2021. “Active and Passive Voice”. (https://thebestuknow.com/english-grammar/active-passive-voice/)

English Grammar Online. “Passive Voice”.  (https://www.ego4u.com/en/cramup/grammar/passive)

English First. “ Passive Voice: Simple Future Tense”. (https://www.ef.co.id/englishfirst/kids/blog/passive-voice-simple-future-tense/)

Worlsmile.com. “Passive Voice – Future Perfect Tense”. (https://www.wordsmile.com/rumus-contoh-kalimat-passive-future-perfect-tense)

Azbahasainggris.com. 2017. “ 60 Contoh Kalimat Passive Voice Present Tense (Rumus Lengkap)”. (https://azbahasainggris.com/contoh-kalimat-passive-voice-present-tense)

Maulanikma.com. 2019. “Contoh Kalimat Passive Voice Present Continuous Tense”. (https://maulanikma.com/contoh-kalimat-passive-voice-present-continuous-tense/)

Course Hero.” Rumus, contoh kalimat active dan passive voice present continuous tense beserta artinya”. (https://www.coursehero.com/file/46446433/RUMUS1docx/)

EnglishCoo. “Active & Passive Voice Simple Future”. (https://englishcoo.com/contoh-kalimat-aktif-dan-pasif-simple-future-tense/)

EnglishSaga. 2020. “Future Perfect Tense-Passive Voice ”. (https://englishsunglish.com/2020/06/15/future-perfect-tense-passive-voice/)

Grasindo, Team. 2015. The Secret Of Tenses. Jakarta: Penerbit PT Grasindo